Computational fluency with multiplication and division facts is also beneficial later when students begin reducing fractions and determining common denominators, as well as when performing multiplication and division operations with fractions and decimals. Automa- ticity with basic facts makes it easier to solve larger multiplication and division problems, because instead of having to think about the computation, students who have mastered the facts can devote their full attention to the problem-solving process. Students who are mathematically proficient have a solid conceptual understanding of the operations, and they can also compute products and quotients quickly and easily.
